The spine is made up of bones called vertebrae which are separated by discs that
act like shock absorbers. Discs are made of very tough cartilage, with a soft,
jelly-like fluid inside. The discs between your vertebrae allow the flexibility
of motion in the spine. The discs also allow an exit and entry point for spinal
nerves that carry messages to the brain and body.
Disc injuries can be painful and restricting. People often hear about 'slipped
discs'. In fact, the discs of the spine are attached to the vertebra, so they
don't actually 'slip'. A disc injury can refer to a number of disc problems.
Disc bulge:
This occurs when the soft material of the disc pushes either
forward or backward out of position. This results in swelling and painful
pressure to the area.
Disc tear:
A disc tear
occurs when a small tear or crack appears in the outer rim of the
disc, and can lead to fluid leaking from the disc. This is the most common form
of disc injury.
Disc herniation:
A herniation refers to the fluid within the centre of the
disc rupturing through the outer fibres, stretching the disc beyond its normal
limits.
Disc prolapse:
A condition in which part of the disc tears away and becomes a
free-floating fragment.
Disc desiccation:
This occurs when the disc loses its fluid and degenerates
and becomes worn down.
Quite often, disc injuries are caused by a build-up of minor damage, rather than
a single major incident. These minor episodes include poor posture, poor lifting
and bending techniques, or a repetitive action. These episodes can place
pressure on the disc that builds up until a small movement, such as standing or
bending, sets off painful symptoms.
All of these disc injuries can vary in the type and severity of symptoms. A disc
bulge can push onto nerves in the spine, resulting in a lot of pain and limited
movement. On the other hand, people can have disc bulges and experience little
to no pain, or referred pain elsewhere in the body. For this reason, it is
important to be assessed for the underlying cause of disc pain, to ensure that
treatment matches the injury.
Most disc injuries will respond favourably to Chiropractic care. Chiropractic is
a holistic option that examines the entire musculoskeletal system, rather than
focussing on only the symptoms of disc injury. This method identifies area of
weakness in the spine that may contribute to any disc problems, as well as
targeting the site of the disc pain. At Back to Basics Chiropractic, treatment
for disc injuries usually involves specific muscle release, spinal adjustments
and flexion distraction. Gradually, rehabilitation exercises will be given as
the condition improves, involving stretches and strengthening in order to
stabilise the condition.
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